PETISYEN MENOLAK RANG UNDANG-UNDANG PINDAAN AKTA 355
Pergerakan BEBAS
Kami mewakili pergerakan BEBAS, pergerakan yang memperjuangkan kesaksamaan, ingin menyeru kepada Yang Berhormat untuk menolak kepada Rang Undang-Undang YB Dato’ Seri Abdul Hadi Awang, Presiden PAS, yang bertujuan untuk menambah hukuman Mahkamah Syariah sedia ada daripada denda RM 5,000, 3 tahun penjara, dan 6 kali sebatan kepada denda RM 100,000, 30 tahun penjara dan 100 kali sebatan.
Yang Berhormat mestilah mengundi “Tidak” terhadap Rang Undang-Undang Pindaan Akta Mahkamah Syariah (Bidang Kuasa Jenayah) 1965 (Akta 355), bukan sekadar “abstain” atau tidak hadir di Dewan pada waktu undi dijalankan. Sikap berkecuali dalam hal ini dengan tidak mengundi hanya akan membolehkan RUU355 diluluskan.
Keadilan sosial dan kesaksamaan dari segi undang-undang
Sebagai sebuah negara majmuk kaum dan agama, kami berpendapat bahawa prinsip keadilan sosial yang paling penting adalah untuk semua warganegara Malaysia dilayan samarata di sisi undang-undang.
Dengan ‘pemerkasaan’ kuasa Mahkamah Syariah, ini akan melebarkan jurang perbezaan antara layanan dari segi undang-undang terhadap mereka yang beragama Islam dan mereka yang bukan Islam.
Malaysia sudah mempunyai Kanun Jenayah yang mencukupi untuk menghukum jenayah berat, sedangkan bidangkuasa Mahkamah Syariah rata-ratanya terhad kepada kes khalwat, lelaki memakai pakaian wanita, minum arak, hubungan seks luar nikah, dan kes-kes keluarga orang Islam.
Oleh kerana undang-undang Syariah adalah di bawah bidangkuasa negeri, adakah pada masa akan datang dewan negeri masing-masing akan menambah supaya jenayah curi, bunuh dan sebagainya tergunapakai di negeri masing-masing?
Ini akan menyebabkan kecelaruan dan perlapisan bidang kuasa antara Mahkamah Sivil dan Mahkamah Syariah, antara mereka yang beragama Islam dan bukan Islam.
Keberkesanan ‘pemerkasaan’ Mahkamah Syariah
Sejak mencetuskan idea untuk melaksanakan undang-undang hudud sehinggalah berubah penjenamaan semula kepada ‘pemerkasaan undang-undang Syariah’, tidak sekali pun YB Dato’ Seri Abdul Hadi Awang menyokong Usul beliau dengan bukti kukuh potensi keberkesanan cadangan pindaan Akta 355. Beliau hanya mengulangi slogan dan jenama tanpa isi.
Sebagai Ahli Parlimen dan Wakil Rakyat, sebarang perubahan polisi atau undang-undang hendaklah berdasarkan bukti keberkesanan hasil penyelidikan atau eksperimen oleh ahli akademik universiti ternama dunia, ataupun telah dilaksanakan di negara-negara lain dan mempunyai impak positif kepada masyarakat.
Kami difahamkan bahawa tujuan asal RUU 355 adalah untuk mengurangkan kejadian jenayah sosial dan masyarakat. Kami menegaskan bahawa memberikan hukuman yang lebih berat berbentuk punitif adalah tidak berkesan sama sekali.
Kami berpendapat bahawa melihat kepada konsep menghukum semata-mata tanpa usaha untuk rehabilitasi dengan cara baik dalam bidangkuasa Mahkamah sedia ada adalah tidak berkesan. Penambahan hukuman tidak akan menjamin pengurangan pesalah-pesalah jenayah Syariah baru atau pesalah ulangan.
Kami mencadangkan bahawa untuk konsep penyelesaian masalah keberlakuan jenayah Syariah secara keseluruhan, Malaysia patut melihat kepada negara-negara seperti Norway, Sweden, Spain dan Netherlands, di mana kadar jenayah secara keseluruhan sangatlah rendah sehingga mereka menutup penjara mereka yang kosong akibat ketiadaan pesalah. Di Netherlands, mereka sehingga menukar penggunaan penjara yang kosong tersebut sebagai dijadikan rumah perlindungan sementara untuk pelarian Syria, Iran dan Morocco[1].
Mengikut hasil penyelidikan Houssain Askari, ahli akademik daripada Universiti George Washington bertajuk Indeks Ekonomi Islamik[2]mendapati bahawa berdasarkan kajian lebih 208 buah negara, Ireland adalah negara paling Islamik di dunia.
Melihat kepada Indeks Ekonomi Islamik, 10 negara teratas di mana polisi dan pencapaian negara yang mencerminkan ajaran ekonomi Islam adalah - Ireland, Denmark, Luxembourg, Sweden, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Singapore, Finland, Norway, dan Belgium.
Parameter yang digunapakai adalah sekiranya sesebuah negara, masyarakat, atau komuniti menampakkan ciri-ciri seperti tiada pilihanraya, mengamalkan rasuah, penindasan, pentadbiran negara yang tidak adil, ketidakadilan dari segi undang-undang, ketidakadilan peluang untuk pembangunan manusia, ketiadaan kebebasan membuat pilihan (termasuk agama), kemewahan di samping kemiskinan yang ketara, paksaan, keganasan sebagai alatan penyelesaian konflik adalah berlawanan dengan dialog dan pendamaian. Yang paling penting, kezaliman dalam apa jua bentuk ialah bukti prima facie bahawa ia bukan satu masyarakat Islam.
Antara semua negara Islam di dunia, Malaysia di tangga teratas Negara Islam di No. 33, Kuwait kedua di Tangga No. 48. Kenapa Malaysia hendak melihat kepada negara-negara yang gagal seperti Arab Saudi, Nigeria, Zimbabwe dan sebagainya yang dirujuk sebagai negara Islam yang mengamalkan hukuman Syariah yang dikehendaki?
Penyalahgunaan Undang-Undang Syariah
Dato’ Seri Abdul Hadi Awang berulangkali mengatakan bahawa pindaan RUU355 hanya akan memberi kesan kepada orang beragama Islam, tetapi ini adalah kenyataan yang tidak benar.
Seorang ibu beragama Hindu ditolak hak penjagaan anak perempuannya dan tidak dibenarkan berjumpa, kecuali beberapa saat di dalam mahkamah, setelah suaminya menganut agama Islam dan menukar agama anak-anak mereka tanpa pengetahuan atau persetujuan Si Ibu di dalam kes Indira Gandhi.
Reevathi Masoosai, seorang isteri dan ibu yang dibesarkan seumur hidup sebagai penganut Hindu oleh neneknya, tetapi berstatus Islam di dalam kad pengenalannya, diambil tanpa kerelaannya dan ditahan di pusat pemulihan akhlak agama Islam sehingga 6 bulan dan dipaksa untuk makan daging lembu. Anaknya dirampas daripada suaminya yang beragama Hindu. Sebuah keluarga mengalami seksaan dan penindasan oleh satu institusi agama Islam yang dikatakan adil dan saksama.
Bagi komuniti Kristian, sudah berapa kali barangan keagamaan, terutamanya buku dan CD, walaupun hanya kegunaan khas sembahyang di gereja sudah dirampas oleh kedua-dua institusi agama Islam dan sivil. Ingat juga Nisha Ayub yang dipaksa memberikan perkhidmatan seks semasa ditahan di dalam penjara kerana memakai pakaian wanita.
Mereka yang menyokong pindaan RUU355 seperti tidak mengakui bahawa terdapat kelemahan teruk dalam perlindungan hak orang kena tuduh di dalam sistem sedia ada. Sebarang pemerkasaan hukuman Syariah akan memburukkan keadaan.
Sekiranya YB berdiam diri atau menyokong pindan RUU355 ini, bahawa bermakna bahawa YB membolehkan ketidakadilan belaku terhadap setiap komuniti YB sendiri.
Dengan ini kami menyeru sekali lagi, #TakNakUsul355.
Bagi pihak BEBAS,
Azira Aziz
Azrul Mohd Khalib
[1] http://news.nationalgeographc.com/2016/05/160517-refugees-netherlands-prisons/
[2] http://hossein-askari.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/islamicity-index.pdf
[2] http://hossein-askari.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/islamicity-index.pdf
Dear YB,
PETITION TO REJECT HADI'S BILL
Source: BEBAS movement
BEBAS, a movement that upholds equality, wishes to urge you to reject PAS president Dato’ Seri Abdul Hadi Awang’s private member’s Bill that aims to increase the Shariah punishment ceiling from the current limits of three years’ jail, RM5,000 fine and six strokes of the cane to 30 years’ jail, RM100,000 fine and 100 lashes.
We call upon you to vote “No” to Hadi’s Bill that seeks to amend the Shariah Courts (Criminal Jurisdiction) Act 1965 (Act 355), instead of merely abstaining from voting and skipping Parliament on the day of the vote. Staying silent by refusing to vote will only increase the likelihood of the passage of the Bill.
Social justice and equality before the law
As a multi-racial and multi-religious country, we believe that the most important form of social justice is for all Malaysians to be treated equally before the law.
The so-called “empowerment” of the Shariah Court will only exacerbate the unequal treatment of Muslims and non-Muslims before the law.
Malaysia already has a Penal Code that suffices to punish serious crimes, whereas the Shariah Court’s jurisdiction is mainly limited to khalwat cases, cross-dressing, alcohol consumption, extramarital sex and Muslim family law.
Since Shariah legislation is under state jurisdiction, will there be a time when the state legislative assemblies attempt to exert state jurisdiction over crimes like theft, murder and the like?
This will cause chaos and overlapping jurisdictions between the Civil and Shariah Courts and among Muslims and non-Muslims.
Effectiveness of “empowerment” of the Shariah Court
From the start when YB Dato’ Seri Abdul Hadi Awang first suggested implementing hudud law and when he subsequently changed his stance to “empowering Shariah legislations”, not once has he supported his Bill with strong evidence on the effectiveness of his proposed amendments to Act 355. He has merely resorted to empty rhetoric.
As a Member of Parliament and a people’s representative, any proposed change in law or policy should be based on effectiveness evidenced through research or experimental studies by renowned academics, or on whether they have already been implemented in other countries and have resulted in a positive impact on society.
We understand that the original purpose of Hadi’s Bill is to reduce the incidences of social crime. However, we want to stress that imposing heavier punishments is not effective at all.
We believe that focusing on punishment alone without attempts for rehabilitation under the current system is ineffective. Increasing punishments will not guarantee a drop in Shariah offences nor in repeat ones.
We suggest that in order to resolve the problem of Shariah offences holistically, Malaysia should look at countries like Norway, Sweden, Spain and the Netherlands, where the overall crime rate is so low that they had to close down empty prisons because there were no prisoners. In the Netherlands, they even converted empty prisons to halfway houses for refugees from Syria, Iran and Morocco[1].
According to a research study by Houssain Askari, an academic from George Washington University titled “An Economic Islamicity Index”[2], Ireland was found to be the most Islamic country in the world out of more than 208 countries surveyed.
The top 10 countries whose policies and achievements reflected Islamic teachings on the economy were Ireland, Denmark, Luxembourg, Sweden, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Singapore, Finland, Norway, and Belgium.
The parametres used were if a country, society, or community showed traits like the absence of elections, the practice of corruption, abuse, unjust administration of the country, injustice in the law, the lack of equal opportunities for human development, the lack of freedom of choice (including religious freedom), the gap between the rich and the poor, force, violence as conflict resolution which is against dialogue and peace. Most importantly, oppression in whatever form is prima facie proof that a community is not Islamic.
Among the Islamic countries in the world, Malaysia was ranked the top at 33rd, Kuwait second at 48th. Why does Malaysia want to look at failed states like Saudi Arabia, Nigeria, Zimbabwe as reference points on how to enforce Shariah punishments?
Abuse of Shariah laws
Dato’ Seri Abdul Hadi Awang has repeatedly claimed that his proposed amendment to Act 355 will only involve Muslims, but this is not true.
In the case of Indira Gandhi, a Hindu mother was denied custody of her daughter and not allowed to meet her child except for a few seconds in court, after her husband converted to Islam and converted their children without the knowledge or consent of their mother.
Reevathi Masoosai, a wife and mother who was raised her whole life as a Hindu by her grandmother, but had the status “Islam” in her identity card, ended up in an Islamic rehabilitation centre without her consent for six months and was forced to eat beef. Her child was taken from her Hindu husband.
A family was tortured and oppressed by an Islamic institution that was supposed to be fair and just.
For the Christian community, their religious materials like books and CDs were confiscated so many times by both civil and religious authorities even though they were only meant for church use. There’s also the case of Nisha Ayub who was forced to give sexual services in prison when she was arrested for wearing women’s clothes.
Those who support the proposed amendment to Act 355 seem to refuse to acknowledge the grave weaknesses in the protection of the accused under the current system. Any move to enhance Shariah punishments will only make things worse.
If you stay silent or if you support the proposed amendment to Act 355, it means that you’re allowing injustices in your own community.
With this, we say again: #TakNakUsul355.
Azrul Mohd Khalib
Azira Aziz
Members of BEBAS
[1] http://news.nationalgeographc.com/2016/05/160517-refugees-netherlands-prisons/
[2] http://hossein-askari.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/islamicity-index.pdf
[2] http://hossein-askari.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/islamicity-index.pdf
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